I'm transitioning my chickens to a free-range system, but I'm very concerned about predator attacks. While I understand the benefits of free-ranging for the chickens' health and well-being, I'm worried about losing birds to predators such as foxes, raccoons, hawks, or dogs. I've already implemented some basic security measures, such as a secure coop at night, but I need more robust strategies.

What practical and effective strategies can I employ to protect my free-range chickens from predators while still allowing them access to pasture? I'm looking for solutions beyond simple fencing, including natural deterrents (such as planting predator-repelling plants), advanced predator management techniques (such as using guard animals or strategically placed lights), and nighttime security measures that are both effective and humane. I'm also interested in learning about ways to identify potential predator activity and take preventative measures